Isantya somqondiso ekusetyenzisweni kwerada yeemoto sihluka phakathi kwe-30 kunye ne-300 GHz, nokuba iphantsi njenge-24 GHz.Ngoncedo lwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yesekethe, ezi zibonakaliso zihanjiswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zothutho lweteknoloji ezifana nemigca ye-microstrip, imigca ye-strip, i-substrate i-waveguide edibeneyo (SIW) kunye ne-grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW).Ezi teknoloji zentambo yothumelo (Umfanekiso 1) zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwii-microwave frequencies, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwii-millimeter wave frequencies.Izinto zesekethe ezilaminethiweyo ezisetyenziselwa le meko iphezulu iyafuneka.Umgca we-Microstrip, njengeyona ndlela ilula kwaye isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo iteknoloji yesekethe yothumelo, inokufikelela kwizinga eliphezulu lemfundo yesekethe ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji yokucubungula isekethe.Kodwa xa i-frequency iphakanyiselwe kwi-millimeter wave frequency, isenokungabi ngowona mgca wothumelo wesekethe.Umgca ngamnye wothumelo uneengenelo kunye nokungalunganga.Ngokomzekelo, nangona umgca we-microstrip kulula ukusetyenzwa, kufuneka isombulule ingxaki yokulahleka kwemitha ephezulu xa isetyenziswe kwi-millimeter wave frequency.
Umzobo 1 Xa utshintshela kwi millimeter wave frequency, abayili besekethe ye microwave kufuneka bajongane nokukhetha ubuncinci betekhnoloji ezine zothumelo kwi microwave frequency.
Nangona ulwakhiwo oluvulekileyo lomgca we-microstrip lulungele uqhagamshelo lomzimba, luya kubangela iingxaki kwiifrikhwensi eziphezulu.Kumgca wokuhanjiswa kwe-microstrip, amaza e-electromagnetic (EM) asasaza nge-conductor yezinto zesekethe kunye ne-dielectric substrate, kodwa amanye amaza ombane asasaza emoyeni ojikelezileyo.Ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi likaDkt lomoya, ixabiso elisebenzayo likaDkt lesekethe liphantsi kunelo lezinto zesekethe, ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwi-circuit simulation.Xa kuthelekiswa noDkt ophantsi, iisekethe ezenziwe ngezinto eziphezulu ze-D zikholisa ukuthintela ukuhanjiswa kwamaza ombane kunye nokunciphisa isantya sokusasaza.Ke ngoko, izixhobo zesekethe eziphantsi zikaDkt zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiisekethe zamaza emilimitha.
Kuba kukho inqanaba elithile lamandla ombane wombane emoyeni, isekethe yomgca we-microstrip iya kuphuma ngaphandle emoyeni, ngokufana ne-eriyali.Oku kuya kubangela ilahleko yemitha ngokungeyomfuneko kwisekethe yomgca we-microstrip, kwaye ilahleko iya kwanda ngokunyuka kwamaza, okuzisa imingeni kubaqulunqi beesekethe abafunda umgca we-microstrip ukunciphisa ilahleko yemitha yesekethe.Ukuze kuncitshiswe ilahleko yemitha, imigca ye-microstrip inokwenziwa ngezinto zesekethe ezinamaxabiso aphezulu kaDkt.Nangona kunjalo, ukonyuka kukaDkt kuya kuthoba isantya sosasazo lwamaza e-electromagnetic (ngokunxulumene nomoya), okubangela ukutshintshwa kwesigaba somqondiso.Enye indlela kukunciphisa ilahleko yemitha ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zesekethe ezibhityileyo ukusetyenzwa kwemigca emikrostrip.Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nemathiriyeli yesekethe engqindilili, izixhobo zesekethe ezibhityileyo zichaphazeleka ngakumbi kwimpembelelo ye-copper foil surface roughness, eya kubangela utshintsho lwesigaba somqondiso othile.
Nangona ukucwangciswa kwesiphaluka somgca we-microstrip kulula, i-microstrip line circuit kwi-millimeter wave band idinga ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokunyamezela.Ngokomzekelo, ububanzi be-conductor obufuna ukulawulwa ngokungqongqo, kwaye ukuphakama kwe-frequency, ukunyamezela kuya kuba nzima.Ngoko ke, umgca we-microstrip kwi-millimeter wave frequency band inomdla kakhulu kutshintsho lweteknoloji yokucubungula, kunye nobukhulu bezinto ze-dielectric kunye nobhedu kwizinto eziphathekayo, kunye neemfuno zokunyamezela ubungakanani besekethe obufunekayo bungqongqo kakhulu.
I-Stripline yitekhnoloji yothungelwano lwesekethe ethembekileyo, enokuthi idlale indima entle kwi-millimeter wave frequency.Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nomgca we-microstrip, umqhubi we-stripline ujikelezwe ngumbindi, ngoko akulula ukudibanisa umdibaniso okanye enye igalelo / i-output port kwi-stripline yokuhambisa umqondiso.Umgca we-strip ungathathwa njengoluhlobo lwentambo ye-coaxial flat, apho umqhubi uhlanganiswe ngumaleko we-dielectric kwaye emva koko ugqunywe nge-stratum.Esi sakhiwo sinokubonelela ngesiphumo sokuhlukaniswa kweesekethe eziphezulu, ngelixa ugcina ukusabalalisa umqondiso kwizinto zesiphaluka (kunokuba kumoya ojikelezayo).I-electromagnetic wave isoloko isasaza ngezinto zesekethe.Isekethe ye-stripline inokulinganiswa ngokweempawu zezinto zesekethe, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela impembelelo ye-electromagnetic wave emoyeni.Nangona kunjalo, umqhubi wesiphaluka ojikelezwe ngumbindi usesichengeni sokutshintsha iteknoloji yokucubungula, kwaye imingeni yokutya komqondiso yenza kube nzima ukuba umgca we-strip uhlangabezane, ngakumbi phantsi kwemeko yobukhulu obuncinci bokudibanisa kwi-millimeter wave frequency.Ke ngoko, ngaphandle kwezinye iisekethe ezisetyenziswa kwiirada zeemoto, imigca ehlumayo ayidli ngokusetyenziswa kwiisekethe zamaza ezimilimitha.
Kuba kukho inqanaba elithile lamandla ombane wombane emoyeni, isekethe yomgca we-microstrip iya kuphuma ngaphandle emoyeni, ngokufana ne-eriyali.Oku kuya kubangela ilahleko yemitha ngokungeyomfuneko kwisekethe yomgca we-microstrip, kwaye ilahleko iya kwanda ngokunyuka kwamaza, okuzisa imingeni kubaqulunqi beesekethe abafunda umgca we-microstrip ukunciphisa ilahleko yemitha yesekethe.Ukuze kuncitshiswe ilahleko yemitha, imigca ye-microstrip inokwenziwa ngezinto zesekethe ezinamaxabiso aphezulu kaDkt.Nangona kunjalo, ukonyuka kukaDkt kuya kuthoba isantya sosasazo lwamaza e-electromagnetic (ngokunxulumene nomoya), okubangela ukutshintshwa kwesigaba somqondiso.Enye indlela kukunciphisa ilahleko yemitha ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zesekethe ezibhityileyo ukusetyenzwa kwemigca emikrostrip.Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nemathiriyeli yesekethe engqindilili, izixhobo zesekethe ezibhityileyo zichaphazeleka ngakumbi kwimpembelelo ye-copper foil surface roughness, eya kubangela utshintsho lwesigaba somqondiso othile.
Nangona ukucwangciswa kwesiphaluka somgca we-microstrip kulula, i-microstrip line circuit kwi-millimeter wave band idinga ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokunyamezela.Ngokomzekelo, ububanzi be-conductor obufuna ukulawulwa ngokungqongqo, kwaye ukuphakama kwe-frequency, ukunyamezela kuya kuba nzima.Ngoko ke, umgca we-microstrip kwi-millimeter wave frequency band inomdla kakhulu kutshintsho lweteknoloji yokucubungula, kunye nobukhulu bezinto ze-dielectric kunye nobhedu kwizinto eziphathekayo, kunye neemfuno zokunyamezela ubungakanani besekethe obufunekayo bungqongqo kakhulu.
I-Stripline yitekhnoloji yothungelwano lwesekethe ethembekileyo, enokuthi idlale indima entle kwi-millimeter wave frequency.Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nomgca we-microstrip, umqhubi we-stripline ujikelezwe ngumbindi, ngoko akulula ukudibanisa umdibaniso okanye enye igalelo / i-output port kwi-stripline yokuhambisa umqondiso.Umgca we-strip ungathathwa njengoluhlobo lwentambo ye-coaxial flat, apho umqhubi uhlanganiswe ngumaleko we-dielectric kwaye emva koko ugqunywe nge-stratum.Esi sakhiwo sinokubonelela ngesiphumo sokuhlukaniswa kweesekethe eziphezulu, ngelixa ugcina ukusabalalisa umqondiso kwizinto zesiphaluka (kunokuba kumoya ojikelezayo).I-electromagnetic wave isoloko isasaza ngezinto zesekethe.Isekethe ye-stripline inokulinganiswa ngokweempawu zezinto zesekethe, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela impembelelo ye-electromagnetic wave emoyeni.Nangona kunjalo, umqhubi wesiphaluka ojikelezwe ngumbindi usesichengeni sokutshintsha iteknoloji yokucubungula, kwaye imingeni yokutya komqondiso yenza kube nzima ukuba umgca we-strip uhlangabezane, ngakumbi phantsi kwemeko yobukhulu obuncinci bokudibanisa kwi-millimeter wave frequency.Ke ngoko, ngaphandle kwezinye iisekethe ezisetyenziswa kwiirada zeemoto, imigca ehlumayo ayidli ngokusetyenziswa kwiisekethe zamaza ezimilimitha.
Umzobo we-2 Uyilo kunye nokulinganisa umqhubi wesiphaluka we-GCPW uxande (ngaphezulu komzobo), kodwa umqhubi ucutshungulwa kwi-trapezoid (ngaphantsi komzobo), oya kuba nemiphumo eyahlukileyo kwi-frequency wave millimeter.
Kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezivelayo ze-millimeter wave circuit circuit ezinomdla kwimpendulo yesigaba somqondiso (njenge-radar yemoto), izizathu zokungahambelani kwesigaba kufuneka zincitshiswe.I-millimeter wave frequency ye-GCPW isesichengeni kutshintsho kwimathiriyeli kunye nokucubungula iteknoloji, kubandakanywa utshintsho kwizinto eziphathekayo Dk ixabiso kunye nobukhulu be-substrate.Okwesibini, ukusebenza kwesekethe kunokuchaphazeleka bubunzima bomqhubi wethusi kunye nobunzima bobuso befoyile yobhedu.Ngoko ke, ubukhulu bomqhubi wobhedu kufuneka bugcinwe ngaphakathi kokunyamezela okuqinileyo, kunye nobukhulu bomhlaba we-foil yobhedu kufuneka buncitshiswe.Okwesithathu, ukhetho lokugquma komhlaba kwisekethe ye-GCPW lunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwamaza emilimitha kwisekethe.Ngokomzekelo, isekethe esebenzisa igolide ye-nickel yekhemikhali inokulahleka kwe-nickel ngaphezu kobhedu, kwaye i-nickel plated surface layer iya kwandisa ukulahleka kwe-GCPW okanye umgca we-microstrip (Umfanekiso 3).Ekugqibeleni, ngenxa ye-wavelength encinci, ukutshintshwa kwe-coat thickness kuya kubangela utshintsho lwempendulo yesigaba, kwaye impembelelo ye-GCPW inkulu kunomgca we-microstrip.
Umzobo 3 Umgca we-microstrip kunye nesekethe ye-GCPW eboniswe kumzobo isebenzisa imathiriyeli yesekethe efanayo (i-Rogers' 8mil thick RO4003C ™ Laminate), impembelelo ye-ENIG kwisekethe ye-GCPW inkulu kakhulu kunomgca we-microstrip kwi-millimeter wave frequency.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-05-2022
